IEO Olympiad Preparation Class 1 to 5 – Singular and Plural

Singular-plural question paper:

Section A: Singular or Plural?

Instructions: For each sentence, choose the correct form of the noun (singular or plural) to complete the sentence.

1. The __ of these rare birds is impressive.

• a) flock
• b) flocks

1. His vast collection of antique cars includes several __.

• a) Mercedes
• b) Mercede

1. The committee has two __ in its leadership.

• a) chairpersons
• b) chairmen

1. Many __ of this ancient civilization still remain a mystery.

• a) artifact
• b) artifacts

1. The __ between the two countries has been tense for years.

• a) diplomacy
• b) diplomacies

1. These __ are known for their incredible speed.

• a) cheetah
• b) cheetahs

1. The __ on the wall have been beautifully painted.

• a) fresco
• b) frescoes

1. The __ of this species are found only in a few remote locations.

• a) specimen
• b) specimens

1. Many __ in this forest have been discovered by scientists.

• a) species
• b) specie

1. She bought three __ and planted them in her garden.
   • a) hyacinth
   • b) hyacinths

Section B: Noun Transformation

Instructions: Rewrite each sentence, changing the nouns to their plural form where necessary.

11. The old book is on the shelf.
12. My mother-in-law is coming for dinner.
13. The child loves to play in the sandbox.
14. The volcano erupted last year.
15. She wore a beautiful dress to the party.

Section C: Sentence Completion

Instructions: Complete each sentence with the correct form (singular or plural) of the noun in brackets.

16. The __ (deer) grazed peacefully in the meadow.
17. The __ (child) in the class received a gold star.
18. He owns a fleet of __ (ship) that sail around the world.
19. The __ (mouse) ran across the kitchen floor.
20. These __ (tooth) need to be examined by a dentist.

Section D: Fill in the Blanks

Instructions: Fill in the blanks with the correct singular or plural form of the noun in parentheses.

21. The __ (leaf) fell gently from the tree.
22. The __ (goose) honked loudly as it flew overhead.
23. There are many __ (child) at the playground.
24. She collected several __ (seashell) on the beach.
25. The __ (wolf) howled at the moon.

Section E: Identify the Error

Instructions: In each sentence, identify the noun that is in the incorrect form (singular or plural) and provide the correct form.

26. The dogs barks loudly in the yard. (Incorrect: _____ / Correct: ________ )
27. These information is valuable. (Incorrect: _______ / Correct: _______ )
28. The company needs to hire new staffs. (Incorrect: _____________ / Correct: __________ )
29. Her hairs are naturally curly. (Incorrect: _________ / Correct: _________ )
30. Three fishes are swimming in the pond. (Incorrect: _______ / Correct: ________ )

Multiplication Basic Quiz – Class 1 & 2

Multiplication Basic Quiz – Class 1 & 2

Weekly Current Affairs Quiz: 31 May to 1 June May 2021 for Competitive Exams

Weekly Current Affairs Quiz: 31 May to 1 June 2021 for Competitive Exams

Current Affairs

1. New CBI Director

Senior IPS officer Subodh Kumar Jaiswal was on May 25, 2021 appointed as the new CBI director for two years, as per the personnel ministry order. A three-member selection committee led by PM Narendra Modi on May 24, 2021, had shortlisted Jaiswal’s name for the position of director, Central Bureau of Investigation.

Current Affairs Quiz

1. “Action and Investment in Menstrual Hygiene and Health” is the theme of which special day celebrated on May 28?

[A] World Menstrual Hygiene Day
[B] World Women Health Day
[C] World Personal Health Day
[D] World Hygiene Day

Punctuation and Capital Letters

Punctuation

There are 14 punctuation marks that are commonly used in English grammar. They are the period, question mark, exclamation point, comma, semicolon, colon, dash, hyphen, parentheses, brackets, braces, apostrophe, quotation marks, and ellipsis.

We will today learn about commonly used punctuations :  period, question mark, exclamation point, comma, semicolon, colon, apostrophe and quotation marks

Sentence Endings

Three of the fourteen punctuation marks are appropriate for use as sentence endings. They are the period, question mark, and exclamation point.

1. Period or full stop (.) is placed at the end of declarative sentences, statements thought to be complete and after many abbreviations.

• As a sentence ender: Naman and Vihan went to the market.
• After an abbreviation: Her son, Chauhan Jr., was born on Jun. 8, 2008.

2. Question mark (?) is used to indicate a direct question when placed at the end of a sentence.

• When did Naman go to school?

3. Exclamation point (!) is used when a person wants to express a sudden outcry or add emphasis.

• Within dialogue: “Holy cow!” screamed Jane.
• To emphasize a point: My mother-in-law’s rants make me furious!

Comma, Semicolon, and Colon

The comma, semicolon, and colon are often misused because they all can indicate a pause in a series.

4.  Comma is used to show a separation of ideas or elements within the structure of a sentence. Additionally, it is used in numbers, dates, and letter writing after the salutation and closing.

• Direct address: Thanks for all your help, Siri.
• Separation of two complete sentences: We went to the movies, and then we went out to lunch.
• Separating lists or elements within sentences: Naman wanted the black, green, and blue pants.

5.  Semicolon (;) is used to connect independent clauses. It shows a closer relationship between the clauses than a period would show.

• John was hurt; he knew she only said it to upset him.

6. Colon (:) has three main uses. The first is after a word introducing a quotation, an explanation, an example, or a series.

• He was planning to study four subjects: politics, philosophy, sociology, and economics.

Apostrophe and Quotation Marks

7.  Apostrophe (‘) is used to indicate the omission of a letter or letters from a word, the possessive case, or the plurals of lowercase letters. Examples of the apostrophe in use include:

• Omission of letters from a word: I’ve seen that movie several times. She wasn’t the only one who knew the answer.
• Possessive case: Sara’s dog bit the neighbor.
• Plural for lowercase letters: Six people were told to mind their p’s and q’s.

8. Quotations marks (” “) are a pair of punctuation marks used primarily to mark the beginning and end of a passage attributed to another and repeated word for word. They are also used to indicate meanings and to indicate the unusual or dubious status of a word.

• “Don’t go outside,” she said.

Single quotation marks (‘ ‘) are used most frequently for quotes within quotes.

• Marie told the teacher, “I saw Marc at the playground, and he said to me ‘Bill started the fight,’ and I believed him.”

Capital Letters:

A capital letters is used:

• To begin a sentence.
• To begin a proper noun

We always begin a sentence with a capital letter.

̄All proper nouns begin with capital letters too.
̄The letter ‘I’ when written by itself is always a capital letter.

You and I are very good friends.

Pronoun

What is a pronoun?

A pronoun is a word used instead of a noun or noun phrase. Pronouns refer to either a noun that has already been mentioned or to a noun that does not need to be named .

The most common pronouns are the personal pronouns, which refer to the person or people speaking or writing (first person), the person or people being spoken to (second person), or other people or things (third person).

There are a number of other types of pronouns. The interrogative pronouns—particularly what, which, who, whom, and whose—introduce questions for which a noun is the answer, as in “Which do you prefer?”

Possessive pronouns refer to things or people that belong to someone. The main possessive pronouns are mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, and theirs.

The four demonstrative pronouns—this, that, these, and those—distinguish the person or thing being referred to from other people or things; they are identical to the demonstrative adjectives.

Relative pronouns introduce a subordinate clause, a part of a sentence that includes a subject and verb but does not form a sentence by itself. The main relative pronouns are that, which, who, whom, what, and whose.

Reflexive pronouns refer back to the subject of a sentence or clause and are formed by adding -self or -selves to a personal pronoun or possessive adjective, as in myself, herself, ourselves, and itself.

Indefinite pronouns, such as everybody, either, none, and something, do not refer to a specific person or thing, and typically refer to an unidentified or unfamiliar person or thing.

The words it and there can also be used like pronouns when the rules of grammar require a subject but no noun is actually being referred to. Both are usually used at the beginning of a sentence or clause, as in “It was almost noon” and “There is some cake left.” These are sometimes referred to as expletives.

Example:

Ram is a post man. Ram carries letters.
To make the second sentence sound better we can change the word Ram to he.
Now: Ram is a postman. He carries letters.
The word he is a pronoun and that takes the place of Ram

Adjective : Describing Words

What is an Adjective?
Adjective describes a noun hence they are called describing words.They tell us many things about a noun (shape, size, colour, age, number, taste). They tells us how it looks (shape, size and colour ), smells, sounds, feels or tastes. They also tell how many ( number and age )

tasty pizza

blue triangle

The words tasty and blue are describing words and tells us more about the noun.

They can be placed before nouns or after nouns to describe them.

• It is a cute puppy.
• The box is heavy.

SINGULAR AND PLURAL NOUN : ONE AND MANY

SINGULAR AND PLURAL NOUN : ONE AND MANY

Words which name only ONE person, place, animal or thing are called SINGULAR nouns.
Words which name MANY persons, places, animals or things are called PLURAL nouns.
Most singular nouns are made plural by simply putting an -s at the end

There are many plural noun rules

VERBS : ACTION WORDS

What is a verb?

 Verbs are words that describe actions, whether physical or mental.

It expresses the action done by the noun or pronoun in a sentence. Some verbs are; read,
write, eat, drink and sleep

Example Sentences with explanation

Birds fly in the sky.

The word fly tells us what the birds do.

Duggu sleeps till 8 in the morning

The word sleeps says what Duggu does.

The words fly and sleeps are Action or Doing Words. Action Words are called Verbs. Action Words say what persons, animals or things do.

USE OF A and AN VOWELS and CONSONANTS

ARTICLES

A and AN is used when we speak of one person, place, animal or thing.

AN is used before naming words that begin with the vowel sounds a, e, i, o
or u.
Example: an apple, an egg, an orange, an elephant

A is used before naming words that begin with the consonant sounds b, c, d, f, g, h, j, k, l, m, n, p, q, r, s, t, v, w, x, y, z
Example: a cat, a dog, a goat, a hat

Use of a and an in sentence:

This is an egg.

This is a goat

This is an igloo

This is an orange

Noun

What is a noun?

A noun is a word that names something, such as a person, place, thing, or idea. In a sentence, nouns can play the role of subject, direct object, indirect object, subject complement, object complement, appositive, or adjective.

Examples of Nouns

Person :

Abdul Kalam Mahatma Gandhi
Mother Sushant Singh Rajput

Place

Animal

Thing

Proper nouns vs. common nouns

One important distinction to be made is whether a noun is a proper noun or a common noun. A proper noun is a specific name of a person, place, or thing, and is always capitalized.Does Tina have much homework to do this evening?

Tina is the name of a specific person.I would like to visit Old Faithful.

Old Faithful is the specific name of a geological phenomenon.

The opposite of a proper noun is a common noun, sometimes known as a generic noun. A common noun is the generic name of an item in a class or group and is not capitalized unless appearing at the beginning of a sentence or in a title.The girl crossed the river.

Girl is a common noun; we do not learn the identity of the girl by reading this sentence, though we know the action she takes. River is also a common noun in this sentence.